TV Review: The Gilded Age, Season 1 (HBO Max). 2022.

The Gilded Age in American history is generally considered to be the period starting a few years after the end of the Civil War (~1870) and ending with the turn of the 20th century (~1900). Perhaps because the U.S. was not involved in any dramatic foreign wars (other than the Indian Wars in the West) until the very end of this period, it’s a time that perhaps has had somewhat less attention from historians, readers and movie watchers than many other periods in U.S. history.

Despite that relative lack of focus on the era, though, many transformational changes were sweeping the country at that time. During the Gilded Age, a national network of railroads was being built across the continent; telegraph lines were being laid, to link every part of the continent with instantaneous communications; oil was being discovered and extracted for the first time; and astounding new technological innovations and scientific discoveries like electric lighting were arriving almost daily.

During this time period, the Industrial Revolution was in full swing, as new factories were built, powered by coal and then oil, and filled with new kinds of iron and steel machines of mass production.  At the same time, new emigrant populations from Europe and China, as well as freed blacks from the post-Confederacy South poured into northern cities, looking for work and opportunity in those factories, and making homes in crowded urban tenement neighborhoods.

This is the setting for Julian Fellowes' newest series (this time on HBO Max), The Gilded Age, which he has begun to produce after completing the massively popular Downtown Abbey show.

The Gilded Age is superficially similar to Downton Abbey, in that it focuses on the “upstairs / downstairs” lives of extremely rich families and their household staff in an age of opulence and highly concentrated wealth. But there the similarities mostly end, because unlike the relative backwater of Downton Abbey’s rural British aristocratic world of the early 20th century, The Gilded Age takes place in the 1880s, in the urban bustle and commotion of a dynamic and fast-changing New York City. And rather than a single household full of characters for us to follow, in The Gilded Age, we have two.

One is the city home of two elderly sisters who are exemplars of the “blue blood/old money” class, in terms of their family history, social standing and strict social standards (played by Christine Baranski and Cynthia Nixon).

The other is a gorgeously ornate and huge new house across the street, built by a prototypical newly wealthy industrialist of the era (Morgan Spector) for his even more ruthless social-climbing wife (Carrie Coon). The wife is determined to be accepted into New York high society, despite the constant snubs and obstacles put in her way by the many “Grande Dames” of the blue blood world.

This is the war of social standing and acceptance at the heart of the series: old Yankee wealth and exclusivity, threatened by and resisting the social incursions of a powerful new class of super-rich titans of business (and their wives), who have the money and the determination to overcome their conservative predecessors’ resistance to their social overtures, regardless of their personal roots or family origins.

Into this heated high society war zone come several other key characters. There is a single young woman of “good breeding”, education and modern ideas (Louisa Jacobson), but who lacks independent wealth or prospects, and comes to live as a dependent of her two elderly aunts in the aunt’s mansion after the death of her father.

There is also an educated young black woman (Denee Benton), who becomes the senior aunt’s personal assistant and a successful journalist, despite constant instances of racism, sexism and reflexive resistance (even from her own family) to her attempts at a career and independence in the white male-dominated world of 1880s New York.

There are plenty of other characters with minor roles too, including the son and daughter of the industrialist and his wife, a nephew in the aunts’ household who is socially aspiring but also a closeted gay man, a number of high society figures, and several of the house staff in each house who are drawn into events and the intrigues between the two households and the larger New York high society world.

Will the young lady find an appropriate match (but also true love!) under her aunts’ watchful eyes? Will the young black woman manage to succeed as a writer despite all the social prejudices arrayed against her? Will the industrialists’ driven wife manage to get anyone from high society to show up for her magnificent parties? And will the industrialist force all the blue blood businessmen to bow to the strength of his will, and to the power of his fortune?

It all makes for an entertaining costume drama and period piece, although I found it lacking in some of the charm and fun that made Downton Abbey so appealing and universally loved. More than anything else, none of the characters seemed all that endearing to me, unlike many of the very lovable characters (both upstairs and downstairs) in Downton Abbey. It also seemed somewhat slow-moving. 

But with that said, it’s a worthwhile TV series. It provides a well-imagined view into the social conflicts of the super-rich in an important but under-noticed period in American history, the era that set the stage for the rise of the United States to a position of global power in the 20th century. Recommended.

Book Review: The Overstory (2018). Richard Powers.

I previously reviewed three books by Richard Powers, including his most recent novel, Bewilderment, and two older ones, The Echo Maker and Orfeo, each of which were powerful tales of well-drawn characters struggling with individual personal crises in the midst of the larger calamities of planetary environmental decline and threats.

Powers’ 2018 novel The Overstory is very much in the same vein as these other works, but is perhaps the most remarkable of all of them, in that the central figure in the story is not the humans, but the ancient trees that surround them and sustain them. The dramatic tension at the heart of the story is the conflict between the humans who would destroy the trees, whose very existence supports their own lives, and a small group of humans who dedicate themselves to trying to save the trees and the forests, by whatever means they can devise.

Powers creates a powerful narrative story line about the trees themselves: he vividly describes their incomprehensibly long lives, their astonishing forms of communication and mutual support, and the complex planetary ecosystem which they have created over vast periods of time. In doing so, he provides a fascinating lesson in the contemporary scientific understanding of trees, and reveals many remarkable aspects of this ubiquitous ancient life form that is all around us, yet so often taken for granted.

However, there are important human characters in the story too. And here Powers uses a narrative device that is at first frustrating, which is that he slowly develops the backstories for a number of these characters in isolation from the others, one chapter at a time, so that deep into the book, it still seems that all we have is a series of short biographies of different people in different places, each in some way tied to a story of trees. 

Eventually, though, Powers brilliantly weaves all the threads together, as the characters meet each other, and begin to take individual and collective action, to fight for the trees, and to seek solutions to the environmental crisis they recognize. 

It was at this point, late in the book, that I began to recognize similarities to the real life story of the Earth Liberation Front (ELF) in the American West in the 1990s and early 2000s, whose idealistic young members’ first non-violent tree-sitting actions eventually led to the formation of an eco-terrorist group.  

This book is fictional, and not in any sense a historical account, but the group's development within the novel, the psychological evolution of the members within the group as they become increasingly desperate to stop the logging of old growth forests, and many other aspects of the story seem reminiscent of what is known of the ELF, as well perhaps as that of many other small militant groups of young idealists throughout history.

The Overstory is simply a stunningly powerful novel about trees, our dependence on them, and the increasing urgency and desperation of sensitive souls among us who recognize the destruction we have wrought as a species on the trees and the planet, and try to take collective action to stop the devastation and save the forests. In the process, they run into the limitations of individual and small-group solutions, and are forced to face their own powerlessness to compel the outcomes they believe are necessary to save the world.

Although his most recent novel Bewilderment is also outstanding, and has very similar themes, I believe The Overstory is Powers’ greatest novel thus far, a marvelous book which has forever changed my own understanding of trees, their lives and the essential role they play in the environment of our world. Very highly recommended.

Book Reviews: Honorable Mentions List (Non-Fiction, Biography and History)

Today I'm posting another set of "Honorable Mentions" from my files, with short reviews or summaries, and another five books included together in the list.  Here we go! 
 

Book Review: Hillbilly Elegy: A Memoir of a Family and Culture in Crisis (2016).  J. D. Vance.

This notable book from the year Donald Trump won the presidency (which book was also made into a movie in 2020 by Ron Howard) is an autobiographical look at the injuries of culture and upbringing in the "hillbilly" part of American society, that is, white, Scots-Irish, and Appalachian, by someone who survived it and moved beyond it.

It described the travails of white working class culture and family life from the inside, in a piece of remarkably moving and eloquent writing, which was received with rave reviews at a time when America was struggling to understand the rage and irrational behavior of Trump’s animated base of white rural supporters.

The author and hero of the story seemed a decent and likable sort, who prevailed against the odds, and who obviously valued family, served his country honorably as a Marine in Iraq, then went to college at Ohio State University, succeeded there, was accepted into and made his way through Yale Law School, and ended up with a loving wife and a highly-paid job in venture capital finance.

The real tragedy of the story comes in the aftermath to the book, when after a brief flirtation with the Never Trumpers in the Republican Party, Vance threw in his lot with Donald Trump, racist politics, and dark money billionaires, in his current quest for a U.S. Senate seat from Ohio.

If his answer to “what does the white underclass need to succeed?” is to oppress minorities, encourage racism, suppress voting, support authoritarianism and rob the poor for the benefit of the ultra-rich, he obviously didn’t learn anything noble or helpful from his own journey. The book is still recommended; the author, at least in his quest for a future in our national politics, not so much.


Book Review: The Black Hand: The Epic War Between a Brilliant Detective and the Deadliest Secret Society in American History (2017). Steven Talty.

The Black Hand is a history and biography of Joseph Petrosino, a famous early 20th century Italian-American New York City detective, and his war against the Sicilian "Black Hand Society" of extortionists, bombers and kidnappers, in the broader context of American antipathy to new Italian immigrants.

This inspiring true tale of crime-fighting and political battles within the Italian-American immigrant community was a previously unknown chapter of American history for me, and it explores the roots of the Italian Mafia story in the United States. Apparently Al Capone was a graduate of the Black Hand organization, among other well-known Mafia mobsters of a slightly later and more famous era. Recommended.


Book Review: Last Hope Island: Britain, Occupied Europe, and the Brotherhood that Helped Turn the Tide of War (2018). Lynne Olson.

This is a World War II history of how England became the "last hope" for all the European countries conquered and occupied by Germany during the war, whose governments and fighters contributed to keeping the dream of freedom, and victory over the Axis alive while in exile in Britain.

It contains many interesting tidbits of the national stories of the Nazi-occupied countries and their people, and how their relationships to Britain developed and changed during the war years.

Lynne Olson is a very readable popular historian and writer. She has written several other worthwhile histories of other aspects of World War II as well. Recommended.
   

Book Review: Fantasyland: How America Went Haywire. A 500 year history (2017). Brad Anderson.

Fantasyland is a funny, well-researched history of how America, from the days of its earliest settlers, has been a unique experiment in wishful thinking, fantasy, individual nuttiness, crackpot religious ideas combined with wild entertainment, mass susceptibility to bunkum and conspiracy theories, and the generalized conflation of individual personal belief and emotional feelings with objective fact that led us to the age of Trump.

In short, in the author’s view, what we're seeing now isn't new in American history -- it's a logical outcome of the entire American experience since the earliest days of white settler colonies in North America. That’s perhaps a contrarian view, given the past six years of listening to news commentators saying “We’re in uncharted territory now”, but Anderson makes an amusing and entertaining case for his proposition. Recommended.   

 

Book Review: Angels in the Sky: How a Band of Volunteer Airmen Saved the New State of Israel (2017). Robert Gandt.

This is a very enlightening history of the beginnings of the Israeli Air Force (IAF) in the 1948 War of Independence, and the World War II veteran pilots from all over the world who volunteered to smuggle planes and weapons, and fly them into combat for the newly-formed nation.

The author details a number of clandestine operations that had to succeed against impossible odds for Israel to evade international restrictions on military sales to the region, and the many pilots from previously (and recently) warring nations who volunteered to smuggle planes and fly them in combat for Israel, whether out of idealism, boredom, or the simple need to find meaning and a purpose again in continuing to be fighter pilots at war.

Robert Gandt has written several other good histories as well.  He’s definitely an author whose other books are worth checking out. Recommended.

Book Review: The Premonition: A Pandemic Story (2021). Michael Lewis.

On the back cover of Michael Lewis’s latest non-fiction book, The Premonition, there is a single quote of praise for the author from reviewer John Williams of the New York Times Book Review. The quote says, “I would read an 800-page history of the stapler if he wrote it.”

That is high praise, but an apt description of the quality of Lewis’s story-telling and his books, which among others include The Fifth Risk, which I previously reviewed; The Big Short, his insightful and scathing story of Wall Street and the financial and political shenanigans that caused the 2008 financial crisis; and also Moneyball, his fascinating account of how a gifted young statistician and Billy Beane, the unconventional general manager of the 2002 Oakland Athletics, upended Major League Baseball's traditional player evaluation process and built a winning baseball team of young “dark horse” players on a limited budget. Moneyball was also later made into a popular sports drama movie starring Brad Pitt.

The Premonition takes a look at a topic you’d think none of us would ever want to read another word about, the 2020 onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. It brings to light a gripping story behind the stories we’ve all heard, and it's a story most of us knew nothing about, despite the endless media coverage of the pandemic and how it's been handled here in the U.S.

At the center of his narrative is a small group of unheralded experts in the field of public health, including a 13-year old girl whose school science project turned into a key tool for modeling disease spread within social networks; a California doctor and public health officer whose relentless drive to save lives by taking action based on scientific knowledge constantly ran afoul of political actors and their self-serving agendas; and a small group of epidemiology policy outsiders across the U.S., heavily steeped in the research and history of the 1918 Flu epidemic, who recognized the pandemic’s potential danger almost the moment it first appeared in Wuhan, but had to fight against medical and political establishments in Washington D.C., in the states and at the CDC to make their voices heard, and to come up with effective means for combating the pandemic’s spread.

In the course of telling this inspirational yet depressing story of how the U.S. bungled its early response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Lewis demolishes the image of the CDC as an effective instrument of pandemic response and management. He paints it as it ultimately was seen by this small group of outside experts, as a stuffy and self-serving academic bureaucracy, reluctant to make recommendations or take action that might not succeed, and reflexively protective of its data and knowledge in service to its production of academic research papers rather than the sort of rapid “break the glass” action required in the face of a public health emergency.

Lewis also goes into some fascinating detail about the impact of rapid genomic testing for the first time in this pandemic, and how our ability to quickly read the genetic code of the disease as it mutated from person to person created at least a theoretical means to map the spread of the disease, and better understand what people and events were the “super-spreaders” that needed to be isolated to slow the disease’s spread. This little understood capability was not used very effectively, due to the lack of interest in resourcing widespread testing early on.

The book is a riveting story of private insights and urgency, contrasted with public delay, inertia, inaction and incompetence. In addition to these little known public health and epidemiological heroes behind the scenes, who ultimately ended up providing much of the most effective public health advice for fighting the pandemic, we see a few political figures who did listen, and acted relatively promptly upon the science-based advice coming from these experts, including Governor Gavin Newsom in California, as well as a few senior figures in the Trump administration and at the CDC, who had to operate anonymously and stay “below the radar” to try to steer the federal government toward an effective response.

For all of us who followed the news throughout the pandemic, and were trying to make sense of how the government and the CDC could seem to be so slow, so disorganized, and so lacking in preparedness for a pandemic like COVID-19, The Premonition provides much needed clarity.  It highlights many of the reasons for our national failures in responding to the pandemic quickly and effectively, and puts a spotlight on the small group of people who ultimately had the right answers, but were often thwarted in being able to get federal, state and local governments to follow their advice, and swiftly take the necessary steps to stop the spread of the disease.

It's a powerful, intriguing and illuminating account of the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, and some of the previously unknown human dramas and events behind the scenes that played out as our health system and society struggled to find answers to the emerging public health crisis. Very highly recommended.

Book Series Review: Outlander. Diana Gabaldon.

I previously reviewed the ninth novel in the long series of Outlander novels by Diana Gabaldon, Go Tell the Bees that I Am Gone (2021), but have now decided that I ought to provide a little more information and a description of the entire set of books in the series, which began with the release of the first novel, Outlander, in 1991. That's mainly because, after spending several years reading all nine of the gigantic Outlander novels (each one runs roughly 900 pages of hardback-sized pages filled with small, densely compacted text), I've become a completely devoted fan of this amazing long-running book series.

I was happy to learn last year, around the time Go Tell The Bees That I Am Gone was published, that Dr. Gabaldon (yes, the author is also a PhD biologist) plans to write a tenth and final Outlander novel before the series concludes at the end of the American Revolution. This may take her a few years, if past performance is an indication; each novel she's added to the series has taken roughly five years to appear after the preceding one.  Fortunately, recent online stories confirm that she is now at work on this tenth novel, so at least we can start the clock running on when it might arrive!

I decided to try to read the first book after becoming a fan of the Starz TV show, Outlander,  which is closely based on the book series. These novels (and the show) are a curious mix of genres, combining well-researched historical fiction, romance and sex from a woman's perspective, and science fiction/fantasy, which have drawn generations of enthusiastic readers and now TV viewers to the outstanding TV version of the story.

The main character and principal narrator at the heart of the stories is Claire Randall, a modern Englishwoman and feisty, resourceful young veteran of World War II service as a combat nurse. While on a "getting reacquainted" holiday after the war with her husband Frank, she accidentally falls through a time portal in a ring of ancient standing stones, and ends up alone in early 1740s Scotland, where she has to quickly adapt to a very different world and life in order to survive. 

They're very thick novels, rich in period detail, adventure and racy love stories, and very addicting, but they take a long time to read, and the plot jumps around between olden and modern (20th century) times, so I'll refrain from recounting the contents of each book in my review.

So what are they about? Mainly, they're incredibly rich historical novels. They portray individual, social and family life in the past through a large cast of interesting characters, whose stories and fates are interwoven through their family relationships, wars, rebellion and coincidence across a specific arc of past time, history and locations.

That arc begins with the Jacobite uprising for “Bonnie Prince Charlie” in Scotland in the early 1740s, then moves through the post-Culloden Scottish migration to America, colonial life in the new world, and the years of the American Revolution -- which, as Diana Gabaldon has explained in interviews, is the period when the pre-industrial world was transitioning to the modern scientific and technological era.

They're also wonderful romance novels, focused primarily on one couple (Jamie and Claire Fraser), but also on their children, close family members and friends, and the intimate details of their various sex lives, loves, traumas, battles, adventures and relationships over decades.

But wait, there's more! They also contain a very good sci-fi/fantasy time-travel story, with occasional bits of apparent magic thrown in, as well as a fascinating ongoing exploration of modern medicine in contrast to primitive healing, and the knowledge and beliefs of each, along with convincing portrayals of what ordinary life was like before germ theory, anatomical knowledge and penicillin were discovered.

With all that going on, these Outlander books take forever to read and absorb, but at least from my perspective, it is totally worth it. These books now rank among my top fiction series ever, along with Patrick O'Brien's epic 20-volume Master and Commander Aubrey/Maturin series, C.S. Forester’s Horatio Hornblower series, Frank Herbert's original 6-volume Dune series, and J.R.R. Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings trilogy. Very highly recommended.

Book Reviews: Honorable Mentions List (Fiction and Science Fiction)

In my most recent personal note from last Sunday, July 23rd, I mentioned that I wanted to try occasionally posting an "Honorable Mentions" list, with only short descriptions of a number of items at once, rather than a longer review of a single book or show. Let's try it today! There's no time like the present for trying new things, is there?
 

American War (2017). Omar El Akkad.

This is a dark dystopian tale of a young woman growing up in a refugee camp in the 2070s in what remains of the American south, and becoming a fanatical warrior for another lost cause as a result of the traumas of her life, suffered in an America torn by a second civil war, the ongoing disasters of climate change, sea levels rising, and a pandemic caused by a bio-terrorism attack.

As in the nineteenth century Civil War era, the south is again the center of misery, ignorance and bigotry, but in a drastically reduced nation where no one has escaped the pain or moral conflicts growing out of multiplying political and ecological crises. 

It's thought-provoking, and definitely captures a lot of the fears and zeitgeist of our own times, particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic and the recent Trump presidency and its turbulent aftermath. Recommended.

 

The Anomaly (2021). Herve Le Tellier.

This is a science fiction thriller and philosophical exploration of the contemporary theory popular in tech and gaming circles that life and "reality" may be a computer simulation.  The plot is set in motion when a commercial passenger jet passes through a violent storm, and then emerges safely to land – twice – but four months apart.

In the story, when this mysterious event happens, we then have two sets of the same people aboard, with a four-month difference in their experiences (the later arrivals would have missed what the other ones had been doing in the meantime). 

The rest of the story explores many aspects of the chaos such an event would create.  Among the passengers and flight crew, who is the "real" person? How would the discrepancies be resolved about who is really who, and who owns what? How would people in various types of human relationships and organizations with the two sets of survivors contend with the sudden appearance of apparent almost-duplicate people? And how would governments and the public deal with a logic-defying problem of this magnitude?

An interesting and well-told "thought experiment" story, with a philosophical and logical exploration of the "simulation" theory of reality. Recommended.  

 

The Circle (2015). Dave Eggers.

The Circle is a science fiction novel that focuses on the cultish behavior and seductive powers of social manipulation exercised by our major tech companies. In this telling, "The Circle" is a giant Facebook-like tech company that creates inexpensive networked micro-cameras that can easily be placed anywhere, to surveil anything, anyone and any place.

Along with its ubiquitous spying and secret-smashing technology, The Circle has a founder and leader with a charismatic hold on the tech company, a compelling utopian vision of a society seemingly based on a radical form of honesty and truth-telling, and personal growth objectives for employees (and ultimately for all of society) that are being sold as positive and beneficial, but which contain a dark potential for ultimate control by the few leaders at the top. 

This book, told through the experiences of a naive young woman recruit to The Circle, was the basis for the 2017 movie of the same name starring Emma Watson. It is a very nice literary companion piece to various "big data" and "four big tech companies" nonfiction books I have read about the risks posed by the dominance of Facebook, Apple, Amazon and Google in our high tech modern world. Recommended.
 

Exhalation (2019). Ted Chiang.

I read this excellent collection of science fiction short stories on the recommendation of the New York Times columnist and podcaster Ezra Klein, who interviewed the author on one of his podcasts. Checking the book listing on Amazon, I discovered that it has an A-list of other celebrities, starting with President Obama, who have also read it and given it outstanding reviews.

The short stories were indeed remarkable, beautifully written and explored deep philosophical topics. I find that my retention of the details of the plots of a number of different short stories like this is shorter than with a novel, but it wouldn't add anything to this review to go into those details anyway. Better to just get the book and read it yourself! 

It was definitely an enjoyable read, and time well spent. Recommended.


Station Eleven (2015). Emily St. John Mandel.

Station Eleven is a powerful end-of-the-modern-world dystopian novel, seen through the eyes of a small cast of characters whose lives are connected through the events of a world-wide plague that ends civilization and kills off 99% of humanity.

In addition to imagining what that world would be like, where modern technology is gone but the memory of it remains, the story focuses on a set of curious personal connections and events that tie the characters and their lives together at different times and in different places.  

This book has now been made into an HBO Max mini-series, which was also good, and which I will review at some point. The book and its author have also become somewhat legendary, for the book's seemingly prophetic exploration of the kinds of personal isolation and changes to social relations that might result from a massive pandemic, written shortly before the less catastrophic yet still profoundly disruptive COVID-19 pandemic that struck the world in 2020. Highly recommended.

 

The First Fifteen Lives of Harry August (2014). Clare North.

This book contains a time-travel plot device that is quite like the one in my longtime favorite novel of this genre, Replay (1986) by Ken Grimwood. The story of Harry August again poses the question of what it would be like, and what you would do, if you got the chance to live life over and over again, starting in the same young body and identity, in the same family, and in the same time period and circumstances, but where each time you started over again, you carried with you the memories of your previous lives.

What things would you change about yourself? What would you do to try to achieve better personal outcomes than previous times? Would you actually be able to improve your outcomes, or would the endless possibilities of every lifetime simply lead you to a life that was different, but not necessarily better or worse than the others?

Could you actually alter the course of human events and history? Would you end up with God-like powers of prediction, and the ability to shape events, or simply be endlessly frustrated by your inability to change the course of what is to come? And are you alone in this strange cycle of lives lived repeatedly, or are there others to be found out in the world who are on the same treadmill? 

All these endlessly intriguing themes, and more, are explored and woven into the fascinating story of the many lives of Harry August, in a plot that moves quickly and maintains interest and suspense throughout. Highly recommended.

TV Review: Conversations with Friends (2022). Hulu.

This is the second mini-series on Hulu based on a novel by Sally Rooney. I previously did a brief review of the mini-series Normal People, based on Rooney's second novel, which follows a bright young woman and her sometimes boyfriend in Ireland as they find their way through an emotional and sexual journey of discovery at the end of high school, and then through their university years together and apart.

Conversations with Friends is based on Rooney’s first novel of the same name, and follows two young women at the university in Dublin (nicely played by Alison Oliver and Sasha Lane), who share interests and affection for each other, and who were previously lovers but are now just close friends. Like most young people, they are making mistakes, trying things out, and attempting to discover who they are and what they want to do, while dealing with the usual family, school and roommate challenges that are typical of this early adult stage of life.

Into the mix comes a sophisticated somewhat older married couple, a successful writer (Jemima Kirke) and her handsome but introverted actor husband (Joe Alwyn), who befriend the pair, hosting them at parties and taking them on an exotic vacation. What could possibly go wrong? Of course, there are new attractions in the quartet, and an affair, and a lot of complex emotions to be experienced and resolved.

I’m pretty sure this is not everyone’s cup of tea, but I found it an intriguing look into the challenges of being a young adult in this era. It sensitively explores issues of complicated sexual identity and attractions for young women, the appeal but also the problems with polyamory, the emotional risks inherent in ubiquitous electronic communications, and the challenges of maintaining friendships when sexual feelings and jealousies cloud the relationships.

The story is slow-moving, and all the characters seem on some level to be struggling with depression, and a perceived lack of fulfillment in their existing life situations, despite some measures of success and recognition in their personal and professional lives. But it’s all still interesting, and very easy to relate to experiences and feelings most of us had when we were young adults, or at least to stories of people we’ve known. Recommended.

TV Review: Tehran, Seasons 1-2. Apple TV+.

This was a recent find we tried on the recommendation of several different friends. And what a fortunate discovery! This is definitely one of the best shows we’ve seen in recent months.

Tehran is a very intelligent Israeli spy thriller, with sub-titles, although much of the show is in English. The main character is Tamar (played superbly by Niv Sultan), a young woman Mossad agent and childhood Jewish refugee from Iran, who is on her first mission. 

Tamar is working with a small team of fellow agents and Iranian resistance figures in Tehran to take out the radar system protecting a new nuclear fuel refining installation, so that Israeli fighter-bombers can reach their target and destroy it before the fuel is loaded into the centrifuges.  Given the recent history of real-world Israeli relations with Iran, and their attempts to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons, this is a very believable plot.

Initially, Tamar’s main role in this dangerous operation seems to be as a super-hacker, whose job it is to break into Iran’s defense computer systems as part of the complex plan to destroy the nuclear site. But despite her computer programming brilliance, and the help of a young Iranian dissident hacker, things end up going sideways, and Tamar has to quickly go out on her own, and use the full range of her secret agent skills to stay alive and operational.

Meanwhile, on the other side, a canny older Iranian counter-espionage officer and his tough young sidekick are hunting for the Israeli team, especially Tamar, and are frequently one step ahead, or else just behind but on the trail of Tamar and her team at every step. In these characters, we see the personal and professional stresses they face in trying to do their jobs, in the context of the constant risks, politics and treachery within the authoritarian religious government and ideology they serve.

A whole cast of other Israeli agents, Iranian police and civilians, politicians, dissident young people, and innocent bystanders support the greater story throughout, as Tamar finds her way through an unending minefield of surveillance, betrayal, plot and counter-plot. It will keep you on the edge of your seat throughout each show.

This show is strongly reminiscent of Homeland, in its portrayal of a strong, incredibly bright and unorthodox young woman agent using every trick, skill, connection and plausible lie at her disposal to continue the mission against impossible odds. Highly recommended.